B&D Life Health Co Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for B&D Life Health Co's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
B&D Life Health Co Beneish M-Score Chart
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B&D Life Health Co Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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|
-2.08 |
-2.56 |
-1.53 |
-0.99 |
-5.31 |
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B&D Life Health Co Semi-Annual Data
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Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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|
-2.08 |
-2.56 |
-1.53 |
-0.99 |
-5.31 |
Competitive Comparison of B&D Life Health Co's Beneish M-Score
For the Chemicals subindustry, B&D Life Health Co's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
B&D Life Health Co's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Chemicals Industry
For the Chemicals industry and Basic Materials sector, B&D Life Health Co's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where B&D Life Health Co's Beneish M-Score falls into.
B&D Life Health Co Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of B&D Life Health Co for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.4926 | + | 0.528 * 1.6757 | + | 0.404 * 0.0134 | + | 0.892 * 0.4141 | + | 0.115 * 0.8941 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.1562 | + | 4.679 * -0.349094 | - | 0.327 * 1.3885 |
| = | -5.31 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec21) TTM: | Last Year (Dec20) TTM: |
Total Receivables was ₩602 Mil.
Revenue was ₩6,822 Mil.
Gross Profit was ₩1,989 Mil.
Total Current Assets was ₩2,600 Mil.
Total Assets was ₩14,242 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was ₩11,592 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was ₩732 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was ₩2,731 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was ₩10,266 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was ₩4,472 Mil.
Net Income was ₩-6,389 Mil.
Gross Profit was ₩0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was ₩-1,417 Mil.
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Total Receivables was ₩2,949 Mil.
Revenue was ₩16,474 Mil.
Gross Profit was ₩8,048 Mil.
Total Current Assets was ₩6,344 Mil.
Total Assets was ₩25,255 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was ₩12,340 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was ₩692 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was ₩5,704 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was ₩10,946 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was ₩7,876 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (601.69 / 6822.342) | / | (2949.336 / 16474.091) |
| = | 0.088194 | / | 0.179029 |
| | = | 0.4926 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (8047.708 / 16474.091) | / | (1988.908 / 6822.342) |
| = | 0.488507 | / | 0.291529 |
| | = | 1.6757 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (2599.812 + 11592.05) / 14241.562) | / | (1 - (6344.338 + 12340.037) / 25254.75) |
| = | 0.00349 | / | 0.260164 |
| | = | 0.0134 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 6822.342 | / | 16474.091 |
| | = | 0.4141 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (692.244 / (692.244 + 12340.037)) | / | (732.2 / (732.2 + 11592.05)) |
| = | 0.053118 | / | 0.059411 |
| | = | 0.8941 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (2731.012 / 6822.342) | / | (5703.657 / 16474.091) |
| = | 0.400304 | / | 0.34622 |
| | = | 1.1562 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((4472.28 + 10266.174) / 14241.562) | / | ((7876.46 + 10946.311) / 25254.75) |
| = | 1.03489 | / | 0.745316 |
| | = | 1.3885 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (-6388.621 - 0 | - | -1416.975) | / | 14241.562 |
| | = | -0.349094 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
B&D Life Health Co has a M-score of -5.31 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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