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Pharmesis International (SGX:BFK) Beneish M-Score : -2.38 (As of May. 28, 2024)


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What is Pharmesis International Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.38 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Pharmesis International's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

SGX:BFK' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -4.63   Med: -2.75   Max: -0.24
Current: -2.38

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Pharmesis International was -0.24. The lowest was -4.63. And the median was -2.75.


Pharmesis International Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Pharmesis International's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Pharmesis International Beneish M-Score Chart

Pharmesis International Annual Data
Trend Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -4.63 -2.89 -2.22 -3.25 -2.38

Pharmesis International Semi-Annual Data
Jun14 Dec14 Jun15 Dec15 Jun16 Dec16 Jun17 Dec17 Jun18 Dec18 Jun19 Dec19 Jun20 Dec20 Jun21 Dec21 Jun22 Dec22 Jun23 Dec23
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.22 - -3.25 - -2.38

Competitive Comparison of Pharmesis International's Beneish M-Score

For the Drug Manufacturers - Specialty & Generic subindustry, Pharmesis International's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Pharmesis International's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Drug Manufacturers Industry

For the Drug Manufacturers industry and Healthcare sector, Pharmesis International's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Pharmesis International's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Pharmesis International Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Pharmesis International for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.7064+0.528 * 1.0454+0.404 * 1.1384+0.892 * 0.8718+0.115 * 1.0596
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0.9819+4.679 * 0.077067-0.327 * 0.8829
=-2.38

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was S$1.53 Mil.
Revenue was S$8.51 Mil.
Gross Profit was S$3.88 Mil.
Total Current Assets was S$6.21 Mil.
Total Assets was S$16.03 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was S$9.57 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was S$0.34 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was S$4.41 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was S$5.71 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was S$0.20 Mil.
Net Income was S$-0.93 Mil.
Gross Profit was S$0.00 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was S$-2.16 Mil.
Total Receivables was S$2.49 Mil.
Revenue was S$9.77 Mil.
Gross Profit was S$4.66 Mil.
Total Current Assets was S$8.56 Mil.
Total Assets was S$18.98 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was S$10.16 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was S$0.39 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was S$5.15 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was S$7.68 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was S$0.26 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(1.531 / 8.514) / (2.486 / 9.766)
=0.179821 / 0.254557
=0.7064

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(4.656 / 9.766) / (3.883 / 8.514)
=0.476756 / 0.456072
=1.0454

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (6.209 + 9.569) / 16.025) / (1 - (8.561 + 10.164) / 18.982)
=0.015413 / 0.013539
=1.1384

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=8.514 / 9.766
=0.8718

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(0.388 / (0.388 + 10.164)) / (0.344 / (0.344 + 9.569))
=0.03677 / 0.034702
=1.0596

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(4.405 / 8.514) / (5.146 / 9.766)
=0.517383 / 0.52693
=0.9819

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((0.201 + 5.714) / 16.025) / ((0.259 + 7.677) / 18.982)
=0.369111 / 0.41808
=0.8829

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-0.925 - 0 - -2.16) / 16.025
=0.077067

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Pharmesis International has a M-score of -2.38 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Pharmesis International Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Pharmesis International (SGX:BFK) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
5 Kallang Sector, No. 03-02, Singapore, SGP, 349279
Pharmesis International Ltd is an investment holding company. The company manufactures pharmaceutical products in the form of tablets, granules, pills, and other forms. Its geographical segments are Western drugs, which are chemically formulated drugs and are marketed under the Kinna brand; TCM formulated drugs, which refer to Traditional Chinese Medicine and are marketed under the Longlife brand; and Distribution. The company derives revenue from the sale of medicines to domestic customers in China.

Pharmesis International (SGX:BFK) Headlines