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Probability of Financial Distress (%) measures the probability that a company will go bankrupt in the upcoming year given its current financial position. A higher ratio indicates a larger probability of bankruptcy for the company, while a lower ratio indicates a healthier fundamental. As of today, Lee Enterprises's Probability of Financial Distress (%) is 0.21%.
Like the Altman Z-Score, the PFD measures a company's bankruptcy risk. However, the main drawback of the Z-score is it does not apply to banks and insurance companies. According to Investopedia, the concept of "working capital" does not apply to banks and insurance companies, as financial institutions do not have typical current assets or current liabilities like inventories or accounts payable.
For the Publishing subindustry, Lee Enterprises's Probability of Financial Distress (%), along with its competitors' market caps and Probability of Financial Distress (%) data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
For the Media - Diversified industry and Communication Services sector, Lee Enterprises's Probability of Financial Distress (%) distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Lee Enterprises's Probability of Financial Distress (%) falls into.
Probability of Financial Distress (%) (PFD) was developed by John Campbell, Jens Hilscher and Jan Szilagyi in their Search of Distress Risk. It measures the probability that a company will go bankrupt within the next 12 months given its current financial position.
The Probability of Financial Distress (%) was obtained by a logit probability model based on eight explanatory variables. The logit formula to compute the probability of financial distress (LPFD) is given below:
LPFD | = | -20.12 * NIMTAAVG | + | 1.60 * TLMTA | - | 7.88 * EXRETAVG | + | 1.55 * SIGMA | - | 0.005 * RSIZE | - | 2.27 * CASHMTA | + | 0.070 * MB | - | 0.09 * PRICE | - | 8.87 |
= | -6.18 |
The Probability of Financial Distress (%) (PFD) was then obtianed by:
PFD | = | 1 | / | (1 + e^(-LPFD)) | * | 100% |
= | 0.21% |
The eight explanatory variables are:
1. NIMTAAVG = Net Income to Market Total Assets
NIMTAAVG | = | Net Income | / | Market Total Assets |
= | Net Income | / | (Market Cap + Total Liabilities) |
*Note that for companies reported quarterly, geometrically declining weighted quarterly Net Income data in latest four quarters are used.
2. TLMTA = Total liabilities to Market Total Assets
TLMTA | = | Total Liabilities | / | Market Total Assets |
3. CASHMTA = Cash to Market Total Assets
For non-financial companies, CASHMTA is measured as:
CASHMTA | = | Cash, Cash Equivalents, Marketable Securities | / | Market Total Assets |
4. EXRETAVG = Excess Return compared to the S&P 500
EXRETAVG is the weighted excess return compared to the S&P 500 in past 12 month. Geometrically declining weights are imposed on the monthly excess return to reflect lagged information. The weight is halved each quarter.
5. SIGMA = Standard Deviation of Daily Returns
For sigma, we use the annualized standard deviation of a company's returns over the past 92 days (or 63 trading days).
6. RSIZE = Relative Size
RSIZE | = | log (Market Cap | / | Total Market Cap of S&P 500 companies) |
7. MB = Market to Adjusted Book Equity Ratio
MB | = | Market Cap | / | Adjusted Book Equity |
= | Market Cap | / | (Total Stockholders Equity + 0.1 * ( Market Cap - Total Stockholders Equity)) |
8. PRICE
PRICE is measured as the log of the stock price, capped at log(15).
Lee Enterprises (NAS:LEE) Probability of Financial Distress (%) Explanation
Like the Altman Z-Score, the PFD measures a company's bankruptcy risk in the upcoming year. However, the main drawback of the Z-score is it does not apply to banks and insurance companies. According to Investopedia, the concept of "working capital" does not apply to banks and insurance companies, as financial institutions do not have typical current assets or current liabilities like inventories or accounts payable.
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Lee Enterprises's Probability of Financial Distress (%) provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Shaun Mcalmont | director | C/O LINCOLN EDUCATIONAL SERVICES CORP., 200 EXECUTIVE DRIVE, SUITE 340, WEST ORANGE NJ 07052 |
Moloney Herbert W Iii | director | 215 N MAIN STREET, SUITE 400, DAVENPORT IA 52801 |
Steven C. Fletcher | director | C/O LEE ENTERPRISES, INCORPORATED, 4600 EAST 53RD STREET, DAVENPORT IA 52807 |
Margaret R. Liberman | director | C/O LEE ENTERPRISES, INCORPORATED, 201 N. HARRISON STREET, STE. 600, DAVENPORT IA 52801 |
David T. Pearson | director | C/O VONAGE HOLDINGS CORP, 23 MAIN STREET, HOLMDEL NJ 07733 |
Jolene N. Sherman | officer: V.P. - Business Development | C/O LEE ENTERPRISES, INCORPORATED, 4600 E. 53RD STREET, DAVENPORT IA 52807 |
Joseph J Battistoni | officer: VP - Local Advertising | C/O LEE ENTERPRISES, INCORPORATED, 4600 E. 53RD STREET, DAVENPORT IA 52807 |
Astrid J Garcia | officer: VP - Human Resources & Legal | C/O LEE ENTERPRISES, INCORPORATED, 4600 E. 53RD STREET, DAVENPORT IA 52807 |
Cannell Capital Llc | 10 percent owner | 245 MERIWETHER CIRCLE, ALTA WY 83414 |
Nancy S Donovan | director | |
William E Mayer | director | C/O LEE ENTERPRISES INC, 201 N. HARRISON ST., STE. 600, DAVENPORT IA 52801 |
Ray G Farris | officer: V.P. & Group Publisher | C/O LEE ENTERPRISES, INCORPORATED, 201 N HARRISON STREET, STE. 600, DAVENPORT IA 52801 |
Gregory P Schermer | director, 10 percent owner, officer: Vice Pres.-Interactive Media | C/O LEE ENTERPRISES INCORPORATED, 215 N MAIN STREET STE 400, DAVENPORT IA 52801 |
Timothy R. Millage | officer: V.P., CFO and Treasurer | C/O LEE ENTERPRISES, INCORPORATED, 201 N HARRISON STREET, STE. 600, DAVENPORT IA 52801 |
Michael R Gulledge | officer: Vice President - Publishing | C/O LEE ENTERPRISES, INCORPORATED, 201 N. HARRISON STREET, DAVENPORT IA 52801-1939 |
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