Encore Wire Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Encore Wire's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Encore Wire Beneish M-Score Chart
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Encore Wire Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-1.43 |
-2.43 |
-1.72 |
-2.44 |
-2.57 |
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Encore Wire Quarterly Data
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Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
Mar24 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.62 |
-3.03 |
-2.75 |
-2.57 |
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Competitive Comparison of Encore Wire's Beneish M-Score
For the Electrical Equipment & Parts subindustry, Encore Wire's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Encore Wire's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Industrial Products Industry
For the Industrial Products industry and Industrials sector, Encore Wire's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Encore Wire's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Encore Wire Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Encore Wire for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.0978 | + | 0.528 * 1.4432 | + | 0.404 * 0.9918 | + | 0.892 * 0.8509 | + | 0.115 * 1.0044 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.2174 | + | 4.679 * -0.042079 | - | 0.327 * 1.1395 |
| = | -2.57 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $480 Mil.
Revenue was 633.778 + 636.991 + 636.46 + 660.492 = $2,568 Mil.
Gross Profit was 136.408 + 148.242 + 166.148 + 205.085 = $656 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $1,211 Mil.
Total Assets was $1,968 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $757 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $32 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $205 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $160 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $0 Mil.
Net Income was 66.123 + 82.052 + 104.741 + 119.483 = $372 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = $0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 109.817 + 79.353 + 139.099 + 126.937 = $455 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $514 Mil.
Revenue was 693.885 + 762.363 + 838.235 + 723.072 = $3,018 Mil.
Gross Profit was 248.455 + 299.447 + 320.772 + 243.747 = $1,112 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $1,402 Mil.
Total Assets was $2,019 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $617 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $26 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $197 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $144 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $0 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (480.06 / 2567.721) | / | (513.905 / 3017.555) |
| = | 0.18696 | / | 0.170305 |
| | = | 1.0978 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (1112.421 / 3017.555) | / | (655.883 / 2567.721) |
| = | 0.36865 | / | 0.255434 |
| | = | 1.4432 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (1210.575 + 756.863) / 1967.912) | / | (1 - (1401.641 + 616.601) / 2018.732) |
| = | 0.000241 | / | 0.000243 |
| | = | 0.9918 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 2567.721 | / | 3017.555 |
| | = | 0.8509 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (26.232 / (26.232 + 616.601)) | / | (32.052 / (32.052 + 756.863)) |
| = | 0.040807 | / | 0.040628 |
| | = | 1.0044 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (204.51 / 2567.721) | / | (197.418 / 3017.555) |
| = | 0.079647 | / | 0.065423 |
| | = | 1.2174 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((0 + 160.138) / 1967.912) | / | ((0 + 144.161) / 2018.732) |
| = | 0.081375 | / | 0.071412 |
| | = | 1.1395 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (372.399 - 0 | - | 455.206) | / | 1967.912 |
| | = | -0.042079 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Encore Wire has a M-score of -2.57 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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