MMG Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for MMG's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
MMG Beneish M-Score Chart
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MMG Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.98 |
-2.57 |
-3.62 |
-1.51 |
-2.56 |
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MMG Semi-Annual Data
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Jun14 |
Dec14 |
Jun15 |
Dec15 |
Jun16 |
Dec16 |
Jun17 |
Dec17 |
Jun18 |
Dec18 |
Jun19 |
Dec19 |
Jun20 |
Dec20 |
Jun21 |
Dec21 |
Jun22 |
Dec22 |
Jun23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-3.62 |
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-1.51 |
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-2.56 |
Competitive Comparison of MMG's Beneish M-Score
For the Copper subindustry, MMG's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
MMG's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Metals & Mining Industry
For the Metals & Mining industry and Basic Materials sector, MMG's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where MMG's Beneish M-Score falls into.
MMG Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of MMG for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.1361 | + | 0.528 * 1.4743 | + | 0.404 * 0.8145 | + | 0.892 * 1.3398 | + | 0.115 * 0.8539 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 0.7766 | + | 4.679 * -0.154687 | - | 0.327 * 0.9561 |
| = | -2.56 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was HK$2,945 Mil.
Revenue was HK$33,945 Mil.
Gross Profit was HK$8,745 Mil.
Total Current Assets was HK$10,895 Mil.
Total Assets was HK$92,943 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was HK$74,468 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was HK$7,265 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was HK$1,110 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was HK$17,191 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was HK$27,345 Mil.
Net Income was HK$70 Mil.
Gross Profit was HK$0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was HK$14,447 Mil.
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Total Receivables was HK$1,935 Mil.
Revenue was HK$25,335 Mil.
Gross Profit was HK$9,623 Mil.
Total Current Assets was HK$12,923 Mil.
Total Assets was HK$97,594 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was HK$74,900 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was HK$6,151 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was HK$1,067 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was HK$15,223 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was HK$33,687 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (2945.076 / 33945.296) | / | (1934.672 / 25335.249) |
| = | 0.086759 | / | 0.076363 |
| | = | 1.1361 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (9622.754 / 25335.249) | / | (8745.414 / 33945.296) |
| = | 0.379817 | / | 0.257633 |
| | = | 1.4743 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (10895.452 + 74468.005) / 92942.868) | / | (1 - (12922.985 + 74900.219) / 97593.882) |
| = | 0.081549 | / | 0.100116 |
| | = | 0.8145 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 33945.296 | / | 25335.249 |
| | = | 1.3398 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (6151.245 / (6151.245 + 74900.219)) | / | (7264.676 / (7264.676 + 74468.005)) |
| = | 0.075893 | / | 0.088883 |
| | = | 0.8539 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (1109.773 / 33945.296) | / | (1066.6 / 25335.249) |
| = | 0.032693 | / | 0.042099 |
| | = | 0.7766 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((27345.234 + 17190.932) / 92942.868) | / | ((33687.426 + 15222.793) / 97593.882) |
| = | 0.479178 | / | 0.501161 |
| | = | 0.9561 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (70.288 - 0 | - | 14447.349) | / | 92942.868 |
| | = | -0.154687 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
MMG has a M-score of -2.56 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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