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Warning Sign:
Piotroski F-Score of 3 is low, which usually implies poor business operation.
The zones of discrimination were as such:
Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3
Lightning eMotors has an F-score of 3. It is a bad or low score, which usually implies poor business operation.
The historical rank and industry rank for Lightning eMotors's Piotroski F-Score or its related term are showing as below:
During the past 4 years, the highest Piotroski F-Score of Lightning eMotors was 4. The lowest was 2. And the median was 3.
The historical data trend for Lightning eMotors's Piotroski F-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Lightning eMotors Annual Data | |||||||||
Trend | Dec19 | Dec20 | Dec21 | Dec22 | |||||
Piotroski F-Score | N/A | N/A | N/A | 3.00 |
Lightning eMotors Quarterly Data | |||||||||||||||
Dec19 | Mar20 | Sep20 | Dec20 | Mar21 | Jun21 | Sep21 | Dec21 | Mar22 | Jun22 | Sep22 | Dec22 | Mar23 | Jun23 | Sep23 | |
Piotroski F-Score | Get a 7-Day Free Trial | N/A | 3.00 | 3.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 |
For the Farm & Heavy Construction Machinery subindustry, Lightning eMotors's Piotroski F-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Piotroski F-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
For the Farm & Heavy Construction Machinery industry and Industrials sector, Lightning eMotors's Piotroski F-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Lightning eMotors's Piotroski F-Score falls into.
How is the Piotroski F-Score calculated?
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
This Year (Sep23) TTM: | Last Year (Sep22) TTM: |
Net Income was -8.581 + -23.435 + -21.448 + -50.672 = $-104.14 Mil. Cash Flow from Operations was -37.537 + -18.851 + -24.849 + -6.186 = $-87.42 Mil. Revenue was 4.334 + 1.311 + 7.916 + 12.366 = $25.93 Mil. Gross Profit was -4.726 + -6.841 + -5.017 + -33.328 = $-49.91 Mil. Average Total Assets from the begining of this year (Sep22) to the end of this year (Sep23) was (173.306 + 143.559 + 122.818 + 107.159 + 55.695) / 5 = $120.5074 Mil. Total Assets at the begining of this year (Sep22) was $173.31 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $9.25 Mil. Total Current Assets was $39.66 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was $70.26 Mil. |
Net Income was 22.186 + -10.756 + 35.738 + -1.231 = $45.94 Mil. Revenue was 4.221 + 5.412 + 3.536 + 11.131 = $24.30 Mil. Gross Profit was -2.68 + -2.31 + -1.353 + -3.449 = $-9.79 Mil. Average Total Assets from the begining of last year (Sep21) to the end of last year (Sep22) was (230.621 + 213.41 + 199.545 + 185.363 + 173.306) / 5 = $200.449 Mil. Total Assets at the begining of last year (Sep21) was $230.62 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $78.84 Mil. Total Current Assets was $153.31 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was $23.99 Mil. |
*Note: If the latest quarterly/semi-annual/annual total assets data is 0, then we will use previous quarterly/semi-annual/annual data for all the items in the balance sheet.
Profitability
Question 1. Return on Assets (ROA)
Net income before extraordinary items for the year divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.
Lightning eMotors's current Net Income (TTM) was -104.14.
==> Negative ==> Score 0.
Question 2. Cash Flow Return on Assets (CFROA)
Net cash flow from operating activities (operating cash flow) divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.
Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.
Lightning eMotors's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was -87.42.
==> Negative ==> Score 0.
Question 3. Change in Return on Assets
Compare this year's return on assets (1) to last year's return on assets.
Score 1 if it's higher, 0 if it's lower.
ROA (This Year) | = | Net Income | / | Total Assets (Sep22) |
= | -104.136 | / | 173.306 | |
= | -0.60087937 |
ROA (Last Year) | = | Net Income | / | Total Assets (Sep21) |
= | 45.937 | / | 230.621 | |
= | 0.19918828 |
Lightning eMotors's return on assets of this year was -0.60087937. Lightning eMotors's return on assets of last year was 0.19918828.
==> Last year is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 4. Quality of Earnings (Accrual)
Compare Cash flow return on assets (2) to return on assets (1)
Score 1 if CFROA > ROA, 0 if CFROA <= ROA.
Lightning eMotors's current Net Income (TTM) was -104.14. Lightning eMotors's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was -87.42.
==> -87.42 > -104.14 ==> CFROA > ROA ==> Score 1.
Funding
Question 5. Change in Gearing or Leverage
Compare this year's gearing (long-term debt divided by average total assets) to last year's gearing.
Score 0 if this year's gearing is higher, 1 otherwise.
Gearing (This Year: Sep23) | = | Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation | / | Average Total Assets from Sep22 to Sep23 |
= | 9.249 | / | 120.5074 | |
= | 0.07675047 |
Gearing (Last Year: Sep22) | = | Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation | / | Average Total Assets from Sep21 to Sep22 |
= | 78.843 | / | 200.449 | |
= | 0.39333197 |
Lightning eMotors's gearing of this year was 0.07675047. Lightning eMotors's gearing of last year was 0.39333197.
==> This year is lower or equal to last year. ==> Score 1.
Question 6. Change in Working Capital (Liquidity)
Compare this year's current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) to last year's current ratio.
Score 1 if this year's current ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
Current Ratio (This Year: Sep23) | = | Total Current Assets | / | Total Current Liabilities |
= | 39.658 | / | 70.259 | |
= | 0.56445438 |
Current Ratio (Last Year: Sep22) | = | Total Current Assets | / | Total Current Liabilities |
= | 153.309 | / | 23.992 | |
= | 6.390005 |
Lightning eMotors's current ratio of this year was 0.56445438. Lightning eMotors's current ratio of last year was 6.390005.
==> Last year's current ratio is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 7. Change in Shares in Issue
Compare the number of shares in issue this year, to the number in issue last year.
Score 0 if there is larger number of shares in issue this year, 1 otherwise.
Lightning eMotors's number of shares in issue this year was 6.461. Lightning eMotors's number of shares in issue last year was 3.787.
==> There is larger number of shares in issue this year. ==> Score 0.
Efficiency
Question 8. Change in Gross Margin
Compare this year's gross margin (Gross Profit divided by sales) to last year's.
Score 1 if this year's gross margin is higher, 0 if it's lower.
Gross Margin (This Year: TTM) | = | Gross Profit | / | Revenue |
= | -49.912 | / | 25.927 | |
= | -1.92509739 |
Gross Margin (Last Year: TTM) | = | Gross Profit | / | Revenue |
= | -9.792 | / | 24.3 | |
= | -0.40296296 |
Lightning eMotors's gross margin of this year was -1.92509739. Lightning eMotors's gross margin of last year was -0.40296296.
==> Last year's gross margin is higher ==> Score 0.
Question 9. Change in asset turnover
Compare this year's asset turnover (total sales for the year divided by total assets at the beginning of the year) to last year's asset turnover ratio.
Score 1 if this year's asset turnover ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower
Asset Turnover (This Year) | = | Revenue | / | Total Assets at the Beginning of This Year (Sep22) |
= | 25.927 | / | 173.306 | |
= | 0.14960244 |
Asset Turnover (Last Year) | = | Revenue | / | Total Assets at the Beginning of Last Year (Sep21) |
= | 24.3 | / | 230.621 | |
= | 0.10536768 |
Lightning eMotors's asset turnover of this year was 0.14960244. Lightning eMotors's asset turnover of last year was 0.10536768.
==> This year's asset turnover is higher. ==> Score 1.
Evaluation
Piotroski F-Score | = | Que. 1 | + | Que. 2 | + | Que. 3 | + | Que. 4 | + | Que. 5 | + | Que. 6 | + | Que. 7 | + | Que. 8 | + | Que. 9 |
= | 0 | + | 0 | + | 0 | + | 1 | + | 1 | + | 0 | + | 0 | + | 0 | + | 1 | |
= | 3 |
Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3
Lightning eMotors has an F-score of 3. It is a bad or low score, which usually implies poor business operation.
Lightning eMotors (OTCPK:ZEVY) Piotroski F-Score Explanation
The developer of the system is Joseph D. Piotroski is relatively unknown accounting professor who shuns publicity and rarely gives interviews.
He graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in accounting in 1989, received an M.B.A. from Indiana University in 1994. Five years later, in 1999, after earning a Ph.D. in accounting from the University of Michigan, he became an associate professor of accounting at the University of Chicago.
In 2000, he wrote a research paper called "Value Investing: The Use of Historical Financial Statement Information to Separate Winners from Losers" (pdf).
He wanted to see if he can develop a system (using a simple nine-point scoring system) that can increase the returns of a strategy of investing in low price to book (referred to in the paper as high book to market) value companies.
What he found was something that exceeded his most optimistic expectations.
Buying only those companies that scored highest (8 or 9) on his nine-point scale, or F-Score as he called it, over the 20 year period from 1976 to 1996 led to an average out-performance over the market of 13.4%.
Even more impressive were the results of a strategy of investing in the highest F-Score companies (8 or 9) and shorting companies with the lowest F-Score (0 or 1).
Over the same period from 1976 to 1996 (20 years) this strategy led to an average yearly return of 23%, substantially outperforming the average S&P 500 index return of 15.83% over the same period.
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Lightning eMotors's Piotroski F-Score provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Rosella Holdings Ltd | 10 percent owner | TRAFALGAR COURT, 3RD FLOOR, WEST WING, LES BANQUES, ST PETER PORT Y7 GY1 2JA |
David Agatston | officer: Chief Financial Officer | C/O LIGHTNING EMOTORS, INC., 815 14TH STREET SW, SUITE A100, LOVELAND CO 80537 |
Wanda Jackson-davis | director | C/O LIGHTNING EMOTORS, INC., 815 14TH STREET SW, SUITE A100, LOVELAND CO 80537 |
Shashi Seth | officer: Chief Revenue Officer | 3080 SOUTH CT, PALO ALTO CA 94306 |
Jack Kenneth P. Jr. | director | 815 14TH STREET SW, SUITE A100, LOVELAND CO 80537 |
Robert Fenwick-smith | director | C/O LIGHTNING EMOTORS, INC., 815 14TH STREET SW, SUITE A100, LOVELAND CO 80537 |
Bruce Coventry | director | C/O LIGHTNING EMOTORS, INC., 815 14TH STREET SW, SUITE A100, LOVELAND CO 80537 |
Timothy Reeser | director, officer: Chief Executive Officer | C/O LIGHTNING EMOTORS, INC., 815 14TH STREET SW, SUITE A100, LOVELAND CO 80537 |
Teresa Covington | officer: Chief Financial Officer | C/O AEROVIRONMENT, INC., 181 W. HUNTINGTON DR., SUITE 202, MONROVIA CA 91016 |
Raluca Dinu | director | C/O GIGCAPITAL2, INC., 2479 E. BAYSHORE RD., SUITE 200, PALO ALTO CA 94303 |
Diana D Tremblay | director | 2111 NORTH MOLTER ROAD, LIBERTY LAKE WA 99019 |
Thaddeus Senko | director | C/O AUTOLIV, INC., KLARABERGSVIADUKTEN 70, SECTION B7, STOCKHOLM V7 SE-11164 |
Andrea Betti-berutto | other: former director | C/O GIGCAPITAL3, INC., 1731 EMBARCADERO RD., SUITE 200, PALO ALTO CA 94303 |
Peter S Wang | other: former director | GIGCAPITAL, INC., 3000 EL CAMINO REAL, BLDG 4, SUITE 232, PALO ALTO CA 94306 |
John J Mikulsky | other: former director | C/O KALEYRA, INC., 1731 EMBARCADERO ROAD, SUITE 200, PALO ALTO CA 94303 |
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