Exxon Mobil Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Exxon Mobil's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
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Exxon Mobil Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.64 |
-1.37 |
-2.66 |
-2.67 |
-2.90 |
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Exxon Mobil Quarterly Data
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Mar19 |
Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.67 |
-2.91 |
-3.07 |
-2.86 |
-2.90 |
Competitive Comparison
For the Oil & Gas Integrated subindustry, Exxon Mobil's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Exxon Mobil Beneish M-Score Distribution
For the Oil & Gas industry and Energy sector, Exxon Mobil's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Exxon Mobil's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Exxon Mobil Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Exxon Mobil for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.0846 | + | 0.528 * 1.0283 | + | 0.404 * 0.9517 | + | 0.892 * 0.8395 | + | 0.115 * 1.1996 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.1975 | + | 4.679 * -0.077711 | - | 0.327 * 0.9198 |
| = | -2.90 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $38,015 Mil.
Revenue was 81688 + 88570 + 80795 + 83644 = $334,697 Mil.
Gross Profit was 17703 + 22383 + 20095 + 23961 = $84,142 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $96,609 Mil.
Total Assets was $376,317 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $214,940 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $20,641 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $10,633 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $65,316 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $37,483 Mil.
Net Income was 7630 + 9070 + 7880 + 11430 = $36,010 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 2656 + 2190 + 2119 + 2920 = $9,885 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 13682 + 15963 + 9383 + 16341 = $55,369 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $41,749 Mil.
Revenue was 93164 + 106512 + 111265 + 87734 = $398,675 Mil.
Gross Profit was 26974 + 29356 + 30515 + 16222 = $103,067 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $97,631 Mil.
Total Assets was $369,067 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $204,692 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $24,040 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $10,577 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $69,045 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $40,559 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (38015 / 334697) | / | (41749 / 398675) |
| = | 0.11358 | / | 0.104719 |
| | = | 1.0846 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (103067 / 398675) | / | (84142 / 334697) |
| = | 0.258524 | / | 0.251398 |
| | = | 1.0283 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (96609 + 214940) / 376317) | / | (1 - (97631 + 204692) / 369067) |
| = | 0.17211 | / | 0.180845 |
| | = | 0.9517 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 334697 | / | 398675 |
| | = | 0.8395 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (24040 / (24040 + 204692)) | / | (20641 / (20641 + 214940)) |
| = | 0.105101 | / | 0.087617 |
| | = | 1.1996 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (10633 / 334697) | / | (10577 / 398675) |
| = | 0.031769 | / | 0.02653 |
| | = | 1.1975 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((37483 + 65316) / 376317) | / | ((40559 + 69045) / 369067) |
| = | 0.273171 | / | 0.296976 |
| | = | 0.9198 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (36010 - 9885 | - | 55369) | / | 376317 |
| | = | -0.077711 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Exxon Mobil has a M-score of -2.90 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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