Tronox Holdings Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Tronox Holdings's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
|
Tronox Holdings Annual Data
|
|
Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
|
|
|
|
|
|
-2.00 |
-1.49 |
-2.55 |
-2.74 |
-2.92 |
|
Tronox Holdings Quarterly Data
|
|
Mar19 |
Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-2.74 |
-2.58 |
-3.32 |
-3.37 |
-2.92 |
Competitive Comparison
For the Chemicals subindustry, Tronox Holdings's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Tronox Holdings Beneish M-Score Distribution
For the Chemicals industry and Basic Materials sector, Tronox Holdings's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Tronox Holdings's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Tronox Holdings Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Tronox Holdings for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.9493 | + | 0.528 * 1.486 | + | 0.404 * 0.8437 | + | 0.892 * 0.8251 | + | 0.115 * 0.9648 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.0967 | + | 4.679 * -0.082002 | - | 0.327 * 1.0935 |
| = | -2.92 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $300 Mil.
Revenue was 686 + 662 + 794 + 708 = $2,850 Mil.
Gross Profit was 78 + 94 + 157 + 133 = $462 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $2,135 Mil.
Total Assets was $6,134 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $2,621 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $275 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $276 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $753 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $2,889 Mil.
Net Income was -56 + -14 + -269 + 23 = $-316 Mil.
Non Operating Income was -3 + 0 + 4 + 2 = $3 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 110 + 17 + 136 + -79 = $184 Mil.
|
Total Receivables was $383 Mil.
Revenue was 649 + 895 + 945 + 965 = $3,454 Mil.
Gross Profit was 105 + 232 + 263 + 232 = $832 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $1,960 Mil.
Total Assets was $6,306 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $2,667 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $269 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $305 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $850 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $2,574 Mil.
|
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (300 / 2850) | / | (383 / 3454) |
| = | 0.105263 | / | 0.110886 |
| | = | 0.9493 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (832 / 3454) | / | (462 / 2850) |
| = | 0.24088 | / | 0.162105 |
| | = | 1.486 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (2135 + 2621) / 6134) | / | (1 - (1960 + 2667) / 6306) |
| = | 0.224649 | / | 0.266254 |
| | = | 0.8437 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 2850 | / | 3454 |
| | = | 0.8251 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (269 / (269 + 2667)) | / | (275 / (275 + 2621)) |
| = | 0.091621 | / | 0.094959 |
| | = | 0.9648 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (276 / 2850) | / | (305 / 3454) |
| = | 0.096842 | / | 0.088303 |
| | = | 1.0967 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((2889 + 753) / 6134) | / | ((2574 + 850) / 6306) |
| = | 0.59374 | / | 0.542975 |
| | = | 1.0935 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (-316 - 3 | - | 184) | / | 6134 |
| | = | -0.082002 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Tronox Holdings has a M-score of -2.92 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
Quick Browse
Personalize
Premium Gurus 
Create New Portfolio
Portfolio Contest
TROX has been successfully added to your