LKQ Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for LKQ's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
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LKQ Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.63 |
-2.75 |
-2.57 |
-2.66 |
-2.44 |
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LKQ Quarterly Data
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Mar19 |
Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.66 |
-2.50 |
-2.56 |
-2.39 |
-2.44 |
Competitive Comparison
For the Auto Parts subindustry, LKQ's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
LKQ Beneish M-Score Distribution
For the Vehicles & Parts industry and Consumer Cyclical sector, LKQ's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where LKQ's Beneish M-Score falls into.
LKQ Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of LKQ for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.0771 | + | 0.528 * 1.0154 | + | 0.404 * 1.1049 | + | 0.892 * 1.0838 | + | 0.115 * 0.9623 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.0076 | + | 4.679 * -0.026726 | - | 0.327 * 1.0854 |
| = | -2.44 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $1,165 Mil.
Revenue was 3501 + 3568 + 3448 + 3349 = $13,866 Mil.
Gross Profit was 1399 + 1390 + 1414 + 1372 = $5,575 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $4,868 Mil.
Total Assets was $15,079 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $2,852 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $319 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $3,870 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $3,318 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $4,818 Mil.
Net Income was 177 + 208 + 281 + 270 = $936 Mil.
Non Operating Income was -13 + -24 + 15 + 5 = $-17 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 212 + 441 + 480 + 223 = $1,356 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $998 Mil.
Revenue was 3001 + 3104 + 3341 + 3348 = $12,794 Mil.
Gross Profit was 1223 + 1276 + 1367 + 1357 = $5,223 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $4,258 Mil.
Total Assets was $12,038 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $2,463 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $264 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $3,544 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $2,271 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $3,713 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (1165 / 13866) | / | (998 / 12794) |
| = | 0.084018 | / | 0.078005 |
| | = | 1.0771 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (5223 / 12794) | / | (5575 / 13866) |
| = | 0.408238 | / | 0.402063 |
| | = | 1.0154 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (4868 + 2852) / 15079) | / | (1 - (4258 + 2463) / 12038) |
| = | 0.48803 | / | 0.441685 |
| | = | 1.1049 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 13866 | / | 12794 |
| | = | 1.0838 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (264 / (264 + 2463)) | / | (319 / (319 + 2852)) |
| = | 0.09681 | / | 0.100599 |
| | = | 0.9623 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (3870 / 13866) | / | (3544 / 12794) |
| = | 0.2791 | / | 0.277005 |
| | = | 1.0076 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((4818 + 3318) / 15079) | / | ((3713 + 2271) / 12038) |
| = | 0.539558 | / | 0.497093 |
| | = | 1.0854 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (936 - -17 | - | 1356) | / | 15079 |
| | = | -0.026726 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
LKQ has a M-score of -2.44 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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